German |
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English |
Comments |
Abbau |
n
|
Breakdown; degradation; decomposition |
|
Abbildungsmassstab |
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Magnification |
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abfackeln |
|
Burn off ; flare off |
Means of disposal of flammable gas |
Ablassventil |
|
Drain valve |
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Abluft |
|
Exhaust air |
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Absetzbecken |
|
Settling pond |
Settling basin |
Absterbephase |
|
Death phase |
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Abtötungskonstante |
|
Death rate constant |
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Abtötungsrate |
|
Death rate |
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Abwasser |
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Wastewater; sewage |
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Abwasserreinigung |
f
|
Wastewater treatment |
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Acetessigsäure |
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Acetoacetic acid |
Not acetic acid! CH3COCH2COOH
|
Acetoin |
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Acetoin |
CH3-CHOH-CO-CH3 |
Aceton-Butanol-Gärung |
|
Acetone-butanol fermentation |
Also known as ‘butylacetonic fermentation’ |
Acetylierung |
|
Acetylation |
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Acidophil |
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Acidophile |
Microorganism growing at low pH (2-4) |
acidophil |
adj
|
Acidophilic |
Can grow at pH < 4 |
Aconitsäure |
|
Aconitic acid |
1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid; carboxymethyl succinic
acid |
Actinomyceten |
|
Actinomycetes |
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ADP |
|
ADP |
Adenosine diphosphate |
ADRAP |
|
ADRAP |
5-amino-2,6-dihydroxy-4-(5’-phosphoribitylamino)-pyrimidine
|
AEC |
|
AEC |
S-(2-aminoethyl)-L-cysteine |
aerob |
adj
|
Aerobic |
Grows best in oxygen |
Affinitätschromatographie |
f
|
Affinity chromatography |
|
Agar |
|
Agar |
Complex polysaccharide from marine algae; primarily
a polymer of D-galactose and anhydrogalactose units. Used to solidify
microbial nutrient media. When part of the name of a culture medium,
it indicates that the medium has been solidified by adding 1.5-2%
agar. These media can be melted at 100°C and poured into plates or
tubes, after which they solidify at about 45°C. |
Ähnlichkeitskoeffizient |
|
Similarity coefficient; S-value |
Ratio of identical features to the total number of
features checked |
AICAR (Aminoimidazolcarboxamidribotid) |
|
AICAR Aminoimidazolecarboxamide ribotide |
Intermediate in amino acid synthesis |
AICARP |
|
AICARP |
5-amino-1-(5’-phosphoriboslyl)-imidazol-4-carboxamide
|
AIRP |
|
AIRP |
1-(5’-phosphoribosyl)-5-aminoimidazole |
A-Kohle |
|
Activated carbon (activated charcoal) |
Adsorbent |
Akridinorange |
|
Acridine Orange |
Also: Basic Orange; Euchrysine |
Aktivkohle |
f
|
Activated charcoal |
Possibly activated carbon, but usually charcoal, because
it has a particularly great specific surface (area/gram) |
Alge |
f, -, -n
|
Alga, algae |
Single-celled green plants |
Ames-Test |
|
Ames test |
Test for mutagenic activity, using bacteria |
Ameisensäure |
|
Formic acid |
HCOOH |
Amöbenruhr |
|
Amebic dysentery |
Pathogen: Entamoeba histolytica |
AMP |
|
AMP |
Adenosine monophosphate; adenylic acid |
amperometrisch |
adj
|
Amperometric |
Refers to analysis by measurement of current; common
for dissolved oxygen (also called ‘galvanic’ or, more commonly but
not technically correctly, ‘polarographic’). |
amphitrich |
adj
|
Amphitrichous |
Having several flagellae at each end of the bacterial
cell |
anaerob |
adj
|
Anaerobic |
Grows best without oxygen |
Anaerobier |
|
Anaerobe |
An organism that grows best, or only, in the absence
of oxygen |
Analysenwaage |
f
|
Analytical balance |
The term usually implies sensitivity of 0.1 mg. |
anaplerotisch |
adj
|
Anaplerotic |
Anaplerotic reactions produce intermediates of the
tricarboxylic acid cycle |
anfärben |
v
|
Stain |
|
Animpfung |
|
Inoculation |
Initiation of microbial growth by adding an ‘inoculum’.
|
Ankerrührer |
m
|
Anchor stirrer |
Anchor agitator(describes the shape of the stirrer)
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Anlaufphase |
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Lag phase |
Period after inoculation and before exponential (log)
growth. |
anlegen |
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Prepare (a culture medium) |
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Anreicherungskultur |
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Enrichment culture |
Culture in a medium (or under conditions) which promote
growth of one species over others |
Ansatz |
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Preparation; solution; |
Solution; lot; batch; trial or test solution (etc.)
|
Ansatzkessel |
|
Reservoir |
Feed tank |
anspruchslos |
adj
|
Undemanding |
Without specific nutritional (or environmental) requirements
|
Antischaummittel |
|
Antifoam (agent) |
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Aperturblende |
|
Aperture diaphragm |
of a microscope condenser |
Apfelsäure |
|
Malic acid |
|
Apo |
|
Apo |
Apochromatic (lens; especially a microscope objective)
|
Arbeitsanweisung |
|
Procedure |
SOP: Standard Operating Procedure |
Archaebakterien |
|
Archaebacteria |
Bacteria which withstand extreme environments |
Aromaverbesserung |
|
Flavor enhancement |
|
Ascorbinsäure |
|
Ascorbic acid |
(Vitamin C) |
Ascospore |
|
Ascospore |
|
Aspartam ® |
|
Aspartame ® |
L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester; artificial
sweetener |
Atmungskette |
|
Respiratory chain |
Series of enzymes which passes electrons to oxygen
molecules (normally with generation of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation)
|
Atmungskettenphosphorylierung |
|
Oxidative phosphorylation |
Use of energy from oxidation to produce ‘high-energy
phosphates’ such as ATP |
Atmungsrate |
|
Respiratory rate |
Rate of oxygen consumption |
ATP |
|
ATP |
Adenosine triphosphate |
Attenuation |
|
Attenuation |
|
Aufarbeitung |
|
Processing |
(Workup). Process(es) following fermentation; product
recovery; processing |
Auffanggefäss |
|
Collection vessel |
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Aufhellung |
|
Clearing |
|
Auflicht |
|
Incident light |
Applies particularly to microscopy |
Auflösung |
|
Resolution |
of a microscope: ability to see fine structure |
Auflösungsvermogen |
|
Resolving power |
of a microscope |
Aufschluss |
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Disintegration |
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Ausbeute |
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Yield |
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Ausfallrate |
|
Failure rate |
E. g., failure rates for sensors during sterilization
|
Auslaugen |
|
Leaching |
In microbiology, dissolving metals from rock (ore,
tailings) |
Ausprägung |
|
Expression |
Structure or activity resulting from genetic structure
|
Aussalzen |
|
To salt out |
Precipitate protein by adding a neutral salt (e. g.,
ammonium sulfate) |
Aussatz |
|
Leprosy (Hansen’s
disease) |
Pathogen: Mycobacterium leprae |
Ausstrich |
|
Smear |
Like a ‘streak’, but may be from a cotton swab, etc.
|
Ausstrich |
|
Streak |
Inoculation of a sterile solid medium (usually in a
Petri plate) from another culture using a loop or needle. The loop
or needle is touched to the source culture, then swept across the
surface of the sterile medium several times. Then several sweeps are
made across those lines, and several more sweeps across the new ones,
to dilute the original culture enough that individual cells produce
separate colonies. |
Autoklav |
|
Autoclave |
Device for sterilizing with steam under pressure |
Autoklavenmantel |
m
|
Autoclave jacket |
Steam jacket surrounding the chamber in which sterilization
is done. |
autotroph |
adj
|
Autotrophic |
Able to grow on inorganic (mineral) media (able to
use carbon dioxide as a carbon source). |
Auxotroph |
|
Auxotroph |
An organism which cannot grow on a ‘minimal’ medium
(e. g., mineral salts and glucose) without addition of one or more
specific supplements (e. g., a specific amino acid). |
AWWA |
|
AWWA |
American Water Works Association |
Copyright © 2010 Denzel Dyer, all rights reserved.